Herewith, we have provided scientific details regarding LTP & LTP – H Tablets, AZED – L Softgel Capsules.

LTP – 25, LTP – 50 AND LTP – H Tablets are Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist

 

LTP- 25 Tablets contains Losartan Potassium 25 mg.

 

LTP-50 Tablets contains : Losartan Potassium 50 mg.

 

LTP – H Tablets contains: Losartan Potassium 50 mg. and Hydrochlorthiazide 12.5 mg

 

MECHANISM OF ACTION

Angiotensin II [formed from angiotensin I in a reaction catalyzed by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, kininase II)], is a potent vasoconstrictor, the primary vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin system and an important component in the pathophysiology of hypertension. It also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Losartan and its principal active metabolite block the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to the AT₁receptor found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland). There is also an AT₂ receptor found in many tissues but it is not known to be associated with cardiovascular homeostasis. Both losartan and its principal active metabolite do not exhibit any partial agonist activity at the AT₁ receptor and have much greater affinity (about 1000-fold) for the AT₁ receptor than for the AT₂ receptor. In vitro binding studies indicate that losartan is a reversible, competitive inhibitor of the AT₁ receptor. The active metabolite is 10 to 40 times more potent by weight than losartan and appears to be a reversible, non-competitive inhibitor of the AT₁ receptor.

Neither losartan nor its active metabolite inhibits ACE (kininase II, the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II and degrades bradykinin); nor do they bind to or block other hormone receptors or ion channels known to be important in cardiovascular regulation.

Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic. Thiazides affect the renal tubular mechanisms of electrolyte reabsorption, directly increasing excretion of sodium and chloride in approximately equivalent amounts. Indirectly, the diuretic action of hydrochlorothiazide reduces plasma volume, with consequent increases in plasma renin activity, increases in aldosterone secretion, increases in urinary potassium loss, and decreases in serum potassium. The renin-aldosterone link is mediated by angiotensin II, so coadministration of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist tends to reverse the potassium loss associated with these diuretics.

Hydrochlorothiazide:

Following oral administration, the AUC for hydrochlorothiazide is increased by 70 and 700% for patients with mild and moderate renal insufficiency, respectively. In this study, renal clearance of hydrochlorothiazide decreased by 45 and 85% in patients with mild and moderate renal impairment, respectively.

The usual regimens of therapy may be followed as long as the patient's creatinine clearance is > 30 mL/min. In patients with more severe renal impairment, loop diuretics are preferred to thiazides, so LTP – H is not recommended.

Hydrochlorothiazide is not metabolized but is eliminated rapidly by the kidney. When plasma levels have been followed for at least 24 hours, the plasma half-life has been observed to vary between 5.6 and 14.8 hours. At least 61 percent of the oral dose is eliminated unchanged within 24 hours. Hydrochlorothiazide crosses the placental but not the blood-brain barrier and is excreted in breast milk.

SUMMARY

LTP – 25 and LTP – 50 work by preventing the action of a hormone called angiotensin II. Angiotensin II causes blood vessels to narrow, and leads to production of another hormone called aldosterone (which increases the amount of fluid in the blood). The action of losartan results in widening of blood vessels and reduction of fluid in the blood, and therefore brings about a reduction in blood pressure.

INDICATIONS

v     High blood pressure

v     High blood pressure with left ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement in the left side of the heart)

v     Diabetic kidney disease (in type 2 diabetes)

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION

Dosing must be individualized. The usual starting dose of LTP- 25 is once daily, with 25 mg recommended for patients with intravascular volume depletion (e.g., patients treated with diuretics) (Hypotension — Volume-Depleted Patients) and patients with a history of hepatic impairment (Impaired Hepatic Function). LTP –25 can be administered once or twice daily at total daily doses upto 100 mg. If the antihypertensive effect measured at trough using once-a- day dosing is inadequate, a twice-a-day regimen at the same total daily dose or an increase in dose may give a more satisfactory response.

Hydrochlorothiazide is effective in doses of 12.5 to 50 mg once daily and can be given at doses of 12.5 to 25 mg . To minimize dose-independent side effects, it is usually appropriate to begin combination therapy only after a patient has failed to achieve the desired effect with monotherapy.

Along with their useful effects all medicines can cause unwanted side effects, which usually improve as your body adjusts to the new medicine.

Speak with your doctor or pharmacist if any of the following side effects continue or become troublesome.

Common side-effects - these affect less than 1 in 10 people who take this medicine

What can I do if I experience this Diarrhoea : Drink plenty of water to replace lost fluids.

Dizziness, tiredness : Make sure your reactions are normal before driving, operating machinery or doing any other jobs which could be dangerous if you were not fully alert.

Cough : A cough linctus, available from your pharmacist, may help.

Rash : This may be temporary; speak to your pharmacist for advice.

HOW TO TAKE LTP- 25 and LTP - 50

Losartan is generally taken ONCE daily.

Try to take losartan at the same time each day.

Losartan may be taken with or without food.

Customers: Physicians, Diabetologists, Cardiologists.